What is the another name of saline and alkaline soil?
Usara soils
Saline and Alkaline Soils They are also known as Usara soils. Various local names for saline soils are Reh, Kallar, and Chopan, Rakar, Thur, Karl etc.
Which soil is saline and alkaline soil?
When the soil contains excess of sodium salts and clay complex still contains exchangeable calcium, the soil is known as saline soil or white alkali or brown alkali soil. The process of accumulation of salts leading to the formation of soils is known as salinization.
Is alkaline and saline soil same?
The key difference between saline and alkaline soils is that saline soils have a pH less than 8.5 and an exchangeable sodium percentage less than 15, while alkaline soils have a pH greater than 8.5 and an exchangeable sodium percentage higher than 15.
What an alkali soil is also called?
They derive their name from the alkali metal group of elements, to which sodium belongs, and which can induce basicity. Sometimes these soils are also referred to as alkaline sodic soils.
Where is saline soil found in India?
2.3 The saline soils are found mainly in the States of Gujarat, Bihar, Haryana, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal. Isolated patches of problem soils are also found in other States.
Where is saline and alkaline soil found in India?
Distribution of Saline – Alkaline Soils These soils are found in canal irrigated areas and in areas of high sub-soil water table. Parts of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab (side effects of improper or excess irrigation), Rajasthan and Maharashtra have this kind of soils.
What is reclamation of saline soil?
The term reclamation of saline soils refers to the methods used to remove soluble salts from the root zone.
Why saline soil are called white alkali?
Saline (Solonchak, Russian Term) Soil: The pH is usually less than 8.5. Formerly these soils were called white alkali soils because of surface crust of white salts.
Which state in India has highest saline soil?
Largest area under saline soils (71.2%) occurs in the state of Uttar Pradesh. More than 72% of coastal saline soils occur in the states of Gujarat and West Bengal. Largest area under sodic soils (35.6%) occurs in the state of Gujarat.
What is Kallar in geography?
Saline and Alkaline Soil: Soils in many parts of the arid and semi-arid areas of Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh. Bihar have saline and alkaline effervescences mainly of sodium, calcium and magnesium. These soil are called reh or kallar or usar and are infertile.
What is a forest soil?
Introduction. Forest soils, where soil formation has been influenced by forest vegetation, are generally characterized by deeply rooted trees, significant ‘litter layers’ or O horizons, recycling of organic matter and nutrients, including wood, and wide varieties of soil-dwelling organisms (Figure 1).
Where is alkaline soil found in India?
2.2 The alkali soils are largely predominant in the Indo-Gangetic plains encompassing States of Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh & Bihar and partly in states like, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.