What is Epipedon and Endopedon?
Epipedon is the horizon that forms near the soil surface. Endopedon is diagnostic horizon characterized by the accumulation of aluminum and organic matter with or without iron.
What is Endopedon soil?
Subsurface Horizons( Endopedons)- 19 Sulphuric A mineral or organic soil horizon that has a pH <3.5.
What is Endopedon definition?
Definition. Horizons having specific soil characteristics that are indicative of certain classes of soils. Diagnostic Horizons at the soil surface are called Epipedons, those below the surface are called Endopedons.
Which horizon is Endopedon?
subsurface horizon
There are two types of diagnostic horizons. These are surface (epipedon) and subsurface horizon (Endopedon). An epipedon is the surface, or uppermost soil horizon.
How many epipedon are there?
The eight important epipedons are anthropic, folistic, histic, melanic, mollic, ochric, plaggen and umbric epipedons.
What is an argillic horizon?
A subsoil horizon characterized by an accumulation of illuvial clay, defined by the percent of clay content relative to the overlying clay depleted (eluvial horizon) and usually has coatings of clay on the surface of soil pores and structures where it has been deposited from percolating soil water.
What is Podzolization of soil?
Definition of podzolization : a process of soil formation especially in humid regions involving principally leaching of the upper layers with accumulation of material in lower layers and development of characteristic horizons specifically : the development of a podzol.
What is diagnostic soil horizons?
A diagnostic horizon is a soil layer containing a combination of characteristics typical of that kind of soil. These characteristics may be of structure, origin. The World Reference Base for soil resources refers to 39 diagnostic horizons.
What is master horizon?
The A, B, and C horizons are known as master horizons. They are part of a system for naming soil horizons in which each layer is identified by a code: O, A, E, B, C, and R. These horizons are described as follows. O. The O horizon is an organic layer made of wholly or partially decayed plant and animal debris.
Which is the man made epipedon?
The plaggen epipedon is a man-made surface layer 50 cm or more thick that has been produced by long- continued manuring. The color of a plaggen epipedon and its organic-carbon content depend on the materi- als used for bedding. A plaggen epipedon can be identified by several means.
What is epipedon in soil?
Epipedons are characterized by their colour, texture, structure, and content of organic matter and certain plant nutrients (e.g., calcium, phosphate). Another important concept is that of subsurface diagnostic horizons.
What is a Cambic horizon?
Cambic horizons are subsurface soil layers of pedogenic change without appreciable illuviated material (clay, organic C, Fe, and Al oxyhydroxides, carbonate, gypsum, soluble salts, etc. A cambic horizon always has less carbonate than an underlying horizon with calcium carbonate accumulation.