How did Panum Crater form?
Panum Crater formed in a sequence of events. The first event was caused by magma rising from deep within the Earth’s crust. When this extremely hot, liquid rock made contact with water just below the surface, the water expanded into steam and a large, violent eruption occurred.
What kind of volcano is the Panum Crater?
Plug Dome
Panum Crater itself is a Plug Dome, a two stage volcano with an outer pumice rim and an inner jagged core of obsidian layered with pumice. The rim erupted first from a fountain of pumice formed as gas charged magma expanded as it met the water table and shot out of the ground.
When did Panum Crater erupt?
1320 AD
Geology. Geological History: Panum Crater, which erupted in 1320 AD, is a perfect example of a rhyolitic plug-dome volcano. Panum Crater started as a bubble of extremely hot liquid rock (magma) rising up from a fault deep within the Earth’s crust.
Is Panum Crater a volcanic dome?
Panum Crater is a plug dome and rhyolitic volcano, a volcano with large amounts of silica (Quartz) in its lava. The silica content at Panum Crater is extremely high at 76 percent.
Why is it called a crater?
A crater is a bowl-shaped depression, or hollowed-out area, produced by the impact of a meteorite, volcanic activity, or an explosion. Craters produced by the collision of a meteorite with the Earth (or another planet or moon) are called impact craters.
Is Mono Lake a crater lake?
The Mono Lake Volcanic Field forms the northernmost part of the chain and consists of two volcanic islands in the lake and one cinder cone volcano on its northwest shore….
| Mono–Inyo Craters | |
|---|---|
| Elevation | 9,172 ft (2,796 m) |
| Coordinates | 37°52′40″N 119°0′25″W |
| Dimensions | |
| Length | 25 mi (40 km) |
What caused Inyo craters?
The rising magma most likely encountered water causing explosive flashing of the water to steam. The steam formed a vent through the overlying andestic rocks, producing the Inyo explosion craters and surrounding phreatic deposits. Surprisingly no juvenile rhyolite magma reached the surface during the eruptions.
Is Mono Lake a volcano?
The Mono Lake volcanic field east of Yosemite National Park and north of the Mono Craters in central eastern California is a series of cinder cones in Mono Lake and on its shore. It is one of the most recently active volcanoes in California, the last eruptions having occurred at Paoha Island only 100 or 230 years ago.
How does lava flow?
A’a lava flows have a very rough, rubbly surface because of their high eruption rates. As the upper surface of the lava cools and becomes rock, it is continually ripped apart by the moving molten lava inside the flow. Pieces of the rocky surface are broken, rolled and tumbled along as the lava flow moves.
What is the harmful effects of volcanic eruption?
Major health threats from a volcanic eruption Health concerns after a volcanic eruption include infectious disease, respiratory illness, burns, injuries from falls, and vehicle accidents related to the slippery, hazy conditions caused by ash.
How many active volcanoes are there?
There are about 1,350 potentially active volcanoes worldwide, aside from the continuous belts of volcanoes on the ocean floor at spreading centers like the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. About 500 of those 1,350 volcanoes have erupted in historical time.