How do you handle acrylonitrile?
Acrylonitrile is reactive with, and must be kept away from, strong oxidizers, especially bromine. Use extreme care to keep Acrylonitrile away from strong bases, strong acids, copper, copper alloys, ammonia and amines. Contact with these chemicals can cause a chemical reaction resulting in a fire or explosion.
How is acrylonitrile absorbed into the body?
Acrylonitrile is readily absorbed into the systemic circulation following exposure by inhalation or ingestion. Following inhalation of acrylonitrile by humans, around 50% of an administered dose of acrylonitrile is absorbed [5].
How can acrylonitrile be prevented?
WAYS OF REDUCING EXPOSURE * A regulated, marked area should be established where Acrylonitrile is handled, used or stored as required by the OSHA Standard: 29 CFR 1910. 1045 Acrylonitrile. * Wear protective work clothing. * Wash thoroughly immediately after exposure to Acrylonitrile and at the end of the workshift.
Is acrylonitrile a carcinogen?
Based on limited evidence in humans and evidence in rats, EPA has classified acrylonitrile as a probable human carcinogen (Group B1).
Is acrylonitrile bad for the environment?
Acrylonitrile was not found to be harmful to the environment or its biological diversity. Generally, if people are exposed to acrylonitrile it is through air, and in general, its levels in outdoor air are so low that they are below the detection limit.
What are the uses of acrylonitrile?
Uses of acrylonitrile Acrylonitrile is used in the manufacture of acrylic and modacrylic fibres for use in clothing and textiles, such as fleece jumpers, sportswear, carpets and upholstery. Acrylic fibres are also used as a precursor in the production of carbon fibre.
Why is acrylonitrile toxic?
Toxic effects are due primarily to the bioreactivity of acrylonitrile with cellular proteins and to its epoxide intermediate that is mutagenic and genotoxic. Toxicity is also due to the release of cyanide during the metabolism of acrylonitrile.
What is the effects of formaldehyde?
Formaldehyde can cause irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat, even at low levels for short periods. Longer exposure or higher doses can cause coughing or choking. Severe exposure can cause death from throat swelling or from chemical burns to the lungs.
Is acrylonitrile toxic?
In humans, acute exposure to acrylonitrile results in characteristics of cyanide-type toxicity. Symptoms in humans associated with acrylonitrile poisoning include limb weakness, labored and irregular breathing, dizziness and impaired judgment, cyanosis, nausea, collapse, and convulsions (Baxter 1979).
Is acrylonitrile a natural resource?
There are no known natural sources. Acrylonitrile is distributed largely to the environmental compartments to which it is principally released (i.e., air or water), with movement to soil, sediment, or biota being limited; reaction and advection are the major removal mechanisms.
What type of chemical is acrylonitrile?
Acrylonitrile is an organic compound with the formula CH2CHCN. It is a colorless volatile liquid although commercial samples can be yellow due to impurities. It has a pungent odor of garlic or onions. In terms of its molecular structure, it consists of a vinyl group linked to a nitrile.
Is acrylonitrile the same as acetonitrile?
Acetonitrile is a byproduct from the manufacture of acrylonitrile.